Photovoltaics are becoming increasingly popular in Poland, with the number of installations growing at an impressive rate. Why is this happening? Rising electricity prices, climate change, and attractive financial support programs such as "My Electricity" encourage Poles to invest in renewable energy sources. Solar power is not only a way to save money, but also a step towards an eco-friendly lifestyle. But is it a profitable investment for everyone? In this article, we’ll take a closer look at the current state of the photovoltaic market in Poland, installation costs, and how to calculate return on investment. Our goal is to provide practical information and tools to help you make an informed decision about investing in solar panels.

• Photovoltaics in Poland are gaining popularity, as evidenced by the 1.4 million prosumers as of the end of May 2024. This shows that more and more Poles are choosing to invest in solar energy.
• Available financial support such as the “My Electricity” program and the thermomodernization tax relief offer significant subsidies and tax incentives, making the investment more attractive. You can receive funding for up to 50% of the investment or deduct up to PLN 53,000 from your taxable income.
• New trends in the photovoltaic industry include energy storage systems that allow you to store surplus electricity and use it later. The net billing system changed how energy is settled—surpluses are sold at market prices.
• The cost of installing a 5 to 10 kWp photovoltaic system in 2025 may range from PLN 40,000 to PLN 60,000. This price includes the purchase and installation of panels and depends on factors such as system power and panel brand.
• With the “My Electricity” program and thermomodernization relief, the initial costs can be significantly reduced. Investing in battery storage can increase self-consumption and shorten the payback period.
• The return on investment can be calculated with the formula: Payback period = Installation cost / Annual savings on electricity bills. It’s important to factor in installation costs, savings, and available subsidies.
• Photovoltaics remain an attractive option in 2025 due to rising electricity prices. It allows households to become independent from future increases in energy resource costs.
• The net billing system allows users to sell surplus electricity at market prices and buy any additional energy at current rates. Increasing self-consumption helps maximize the system's potential.

The current state of photovoltaics in Poland

Photovoltaics in Poland are booming, with official statistics confirming the trend. As of the end of May 2024, there were 1.4 million prosumers—individuals using solar panel systems. This rapid growth shows a clear shift toward renewable energy. Key financial support programs like “My Electricity” and the thermomodernization tax relief significantly boost this trend. These programs offer subsidies of up to 50% of the total investment or tax deductions up to PLN 53,000.

Recent trends also include energy storage systems, which allow homeowners to store excess energy for later use. The net billing system, in effect since April 1, 2022, replaced the old net-metering model. Now, energy surpluses are sold at market prices, and any shortfall must be bought. Although controversial, this system remains profitable for many due to increased self-consumption and lower electricity bills.

Installation costs in 2025

In 2025, the estimated cost for a photovoltaic installation of 5 to 10 kWp will range from PLN 40,000 to PLN 60,000. This price includes the purchase and installation of panels. Factors that affect this cost include system capacity, panel brand, and additional components like optimizers or inverters. Choosing high-quality panels may raise the initial cost but offers better performance and longer lifespan. Regional differences and installer availability can also influence the final price.

Here is a comparison table for a typical single-family home:

With “My Electricity” and tax relief, upfront investment costs can be significantly lowered. Additionally, battery storage systems help increase self-consumption, thereby accelerating ROI. Choosing the right system should always follow an in-depth assessment of your household’s energy needs.

How to calculate ROI? Step by step

Calculating the return on investment in photovoltaics may seem complex, but it’s manageable with the right approach. The basic formula to use is: Payback period = Installation cost / Annual savings on electricity bills. To apply this correctly, consider the following:

• Installation cost: Includes panels, installation, and any extras like inverters or batteries.
• Electricity bill savings: The difference between pre- and post-installation energy costs, including projected electricity price increases.
• Available subsidies: Programs like “My Electricity” can substantially reduce upfront expenses.

Self-consumption plays a crucial role. The more solar power you use directly, the higher your savings. For best results, align your energy use with solar production—e.g., running appliances during peak sun hours.

Also, take into account your local weather conditions and roof orientation, as these factors affect your system’s performance and ROI.

Is solar power still profitable in 2025?

Yes. In 2025, photovoltaics continue to be a financially attractive option, especially with rising electricity costs. The increasing prices of energy resources like coal and gas are driving up power bills. Solar installations offer protection by producing free energy from the sun, providing stable long-term savings regardless of market volatility.

Changes in the billing system, including the shift to net billing, also impact profitability. In the new system, prosumers sell energy at market prices and buy it back as needed. While this may seem less favorable than net-metering, the benefits of high self-consumption remain significant. To enhance this, consider investing in battery storage, which allows you to use stored energy during non-sunny hours, maximizing savings.

Subsidies and tax incentives

Poland offers various financial incentives that significantly improve the profitability of solar investments. One of the most important is “My Electricity 6.0”, which provides grants for installing solar panel systems. The program also encourages higher self-consumption by funding additional components like energy storage.

In addition, the thermomodernization tax relief allows homeowners to deduct up to PLN 53,000 from their taxable income for energy-saving home upgrades, including solar panels. These options allow you to:

• Reduce initial investment costs in photovoltaics.
• Shorten the payback period, making the system more financially viable.
• Improve your home’s energy efficiency and lower electricity bills.

Thanks to these national and EU-backed programs, solar investments are more accessible to average households and contribute to environmental protection by reducing CO₂ emissions.

Is solar power still worth it under net billing?

The net billing system, introduced in 2022, changed how solar energy is accounted for. Unlike net-metering, where surpluses could be stored in the grid and retrieved later, net billing means prosumers sell energy at market prices and buy it back when needed. Monthly prices are set by the Polish Transmission System Operator. Advantages include increased transparency and potential profits during high market prices. However, disadvantages include price volatility and the need to monitor energy markets closely.

The overall impact of net billing on profitability is nuanced. While it can offer extra income when prices are high, the unpredictability makes it harder to calculate ROI. For many users, the key is to increase self-consumption. By using more of the energy you produce, you avoid buying electricity at market prices. Consider investing in batteries or smart energy management systems to maximize your benefits under net billing.

Summary

Solar power is thriving in Poland, with over 1.4 million prosumers recorded by May 2024. Financial programs such as “My Electricity” and the thermomodernization tax relief make these systems more affordable. New technologies like energy storage and the net billing model improve how energy is used and managed.

The average cost of a 5–10 kWp system in 2025 is expected to range from PLN 40,000 to PLN 60,000. However, subsidies and tax relief can significantly reduce this amount. Calculating ROI requires considering system costs, energy savings, and financial incentives. With increasing electricity prices and the potential for high self-consumption, photovoltaics remain a smart long-term investment.

FAQ

What are the latest technologies in photovoltaics that affect profitability?

Energy storage systems and smart energy management are becoming more popular. Storage increases self-consumption and reduces reliance on the grid, shortening the payback period. Smart systems optimize home energy use and improve savings.

Are there risks associated with solar investments?

Yes, as with any investment. Regulatory changes or shifts in energy policy can affect profitability. Market price fluctuations under net billing also add uncertainty. Choosing reliable installers and equipment helps mitigate technical risks.

What are the environmental benefits of solar panels?

Solar panels generate clean energy with zero carbon emissions. They reduce reliance on fossil fuels, cut greenhouse gases, and help combat climate change. They also improve air quality by reducing pollution.

Can I combine photovoltaics with other renewable sources?

Yes. You can integrate solar with wind or other renewable sources to increase energy independence and ensure stable supply year-round. Consult a specialist to find the best solution for your home.

What are the financing options for solar installations?

Besides grants and tax incentives, many banks offer loans for renewable energy systems. You can also consider leasing or other financing options depending on your financial situation.

Do solar panels require maintenance?

Solar panels are low-maintenance but should be cleaned and inspected regularly. Dust and debris can reduce efficiency, and periodic checks can detect issues early and extend system life.

Can I sell surplus electricity?

Yes. Under net billing, you can sell surplus electricity to the grid at market prices. This can generate additional income, but rates fluctuate depending on the energy market.